Jet A - Jet A-1
The Jet A specification fuel has been used in the United States since the 1950s and is generally not available outside the United States and some Canadian airports like Toronto and Vancouver, while Jet A-1 is the standard fuel used in the rest of the world. Both Jet A and Jet A-1 have a flash point above 38 ° C (100 ° F) with an auto-ignition temperature of 210 ° C (410 ° F).
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN JET A AND JET A-1
The main difference is the lower freezing point of the A-1:
· Jet A -40 ° C (-40 ° F)
· Jet A-1 -47 ° C (-53 ° F)
The other difference is the mandatory addition of an antistatic additive to Jet A-1.
The annual use of U.S. fuel Jet fuel was 20.2 billion U.S. gallons (7.6 x 10 10 L) in 2009.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF JET A AND JET A-1
The Jet A-1 must comply with:
· DEF STAN 91-91 (Jet A-1),
· ASTM specification D1655 (Jet A-1),
· IATA Guidance Material (kerosene type), NATO Code F-35.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF JET A / JET A-1
|
Jet A-1 |
Jet A |
|
|
Flashpoint |
38 ° C (100 ° F) |
|
|
Auto-ignition temperature |
210 ° C (410 ° F) |
|
|
Freezing |
-47 ° C (-53 ° F) |
-40 ° C (-40 ° F) |
|
Outdoor combustion |
260-315 ° C (500-599 ° F) |
|
|
Density at 15 ° C (59 ° F) |
0.804 kg / L (6.71 lb / gal) |
0.820 kg / L (6.84 lb / gal) |
|
Specific energy |
43.15 MJ / kg |
43.02 MJ / kg |
|
The energy density |
34.7 MJ / L |
35.3 MJ / L |